Hookworm

Transmission

Hookworms are one of the most common internal parasites in dogs and cats, especially puppies and kittens.

They are transmitted through contact with infected soil, water or larvae that penetrate the skin. Hookworms can also be transferred from the mother through the uterus or after birth while nursing. Hookworm eggs have a thick shell and can live in the soil for years.

Hookworms attach to the intestinal wall and feed off the pet’s blood.

Infection is fatal without treatment.

Prevention

Kittens and puppies should be dewormed at least three times, once every three weeks starting at 8 weeks of age.

Because intestinal parasites do not shed eggs continuously, we require biannual fecals to aid in diagnosing infections.

Monthly prescription heartworm preventative also deworms for hookworms, roundworms and whipworms.

* If your pet is outdoors, we recommend deworming every six months since collecting fecals is not usually feasible.

Symptoms

Severe diarrhea
Black tar-like stool
Anemia
Stunted growth
Vomiting

Treatment

Hookworms can be treated with an oral medication.

Here are some easy steps to maintain proper hygiene
and lessen the chance of re-infestation:

Pick up your dog or cats stool immediately so that the parasites do not have time to get into the soil or living area. Dogs and cats can re-infect themselves if they come into contact with their own feces.
Wash your hands after playing with your pet or picking up their stool. Make children wash hands as well, and keep them from putting their hands in their mouth.
Children should not be barefoot in areas where dogs defecate.
Wash bedding after being dewormed
Wipe rear end and feet after defecating
Check fecals on your pet twice a year

Human Infestation

Hookworks are zoonotic, and the larvae can cause cutaneous larval migrans in humans - a painful/itchy skin infection. Secondary bacterial infection can develop due to scratching.
It is very important to follow good hygiene practices in order to not re-infect your pet or your family!

Children are more prone to contracting this parasite if they play in an area with infected feces. Hookworms can cause serious health problems if left untreated.

The dogs and cats species of Hookworms can infect humans by penetrating the skin, usually when walking barefoot or by playing in infected sand or dirt.

CDC Factsheet on Hookworms

+ Immunizations/Vaccinations